Risk category · CR
Critically Endangered animals
Critically Endangered (CR) species face an extremely high risk of extinction in the wild under IUCN criteria. This list spans every major animal group, from great apes and rhinos to corals and freshwater fish.
Each record links to authoritative sources. Confirm the current status on the official IUCN Red List before relying on it — some of these species are the focus of intensive recovery programmes.
95 records in this view · last reviewed
Critically Endangered is the highest risk category before extinction in the wild. Several entries below are well-known recovery cases — proof that a category is a snapshot, not a verdict.
Data limitations
- These are educational summaries, not the official assessment. Conservation status can change as new science and threats emerge.
- We show the global IUCN Red List category. National and local status can differ from the global category.
- Each record shows a last-verified date and a data-confidence flag so you can see how current and how checked it is.
- Always verify the current status on the official IUCN Red List and the relevant national wildlife authority. FaunaHub does not replace conservation authorities.
Dataset last reviewed: Full data methodology →
Critically Endangered records
Addax
Addax nasomaculatus
- Group
- Mammals
- Last verified
- Verified
Sources: IUCN Red List, Animal Diversity Web
Index record onlySource review pendingAfrican Forest Elephant
Loxodonta cyclotis
- Group
- Mammals
- Last verified
- Verified
Recognised as a separate species from the African bush elephant in the 2021 IUCN assessment.
Sources: IUCN Red List, Animal Diversity Web, Animal Diversity Web
Index record onlySource review pendingAfrican Penguin
Spheniscus demersus
- Group
- Birds
- Last verified
- Verified
Reported as up-listed to Critically Endangered in 2024 amid steep colony declines; confirm the current category on the live IUCN entry.
Sources: IUCN Red List, Animal Diversity Web
Index record onlySource review pendingAmerican Burying Beetle
Nicrophorus americanus
- Group
- Invertebrates
- Last verified
- Verified
Sources: IUCN Red List, U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service
Index record onlySource review pendingAngelshark
Squatina squatina
- Group
- Fish
- Last verified
- Verified
Sources: IUCN Red List, FishBase
Index record onlySource review pendingAxolotl
Ambystoma mexicanum
- Group
- Reptiles & Amphibians
- Population trend
- Decreasing
- Last verified
- Verified
Abundant in captivity and research, but the wild population in Xochimilco is assessed as Critically Endangered.
Sources: IUCN Red List, Animal Diversity Web
Detailed FaunaHub profile →Partial reviewBali Myna
Leucopsar rothschildi
- Group
- Birds
- Last verified
- Verified
Sources: IUCN Red List, BirdLife International
Index record onlySource review pendingBeluga Sturgeon
Huso huso
- Group
- Fish
- Last verified
- Verified
Source of beluga caviar; heavily affected by overfishing.
Sources: IUCN Red List, Animal Diversity Web
Index record onlySource review pendingBlack Rhinoceros
Diceros bicornis
- Group
- Mammals
- Last verified
- Verified
Sources: IUCN Red List, Animal Diversity Web
Index record onlySource review pendingBlack-and-white Ruffed Lemur
Varecia variegata
- Group
- Mammals
- Last verified
- Verified
Sources: IUCN Red List, Animal Diversity Web
Index record onlySource review pendingBlue-throated Macaw
Ara glaucogularis
- Group
- Birds
- Last verified
- Verified
Sources: IUCN Red List, BirdLife International
Index record onlySource review pendingBornean Orangutan
Pongo pygmaeus
- Group
- Mammals
- Last verified
- Verified
Sources: IUCN Red List, Animal Diversity Web, Smithsonian's National Zoo
Index record onlySource review pendingBowmouth Guitarfish
Rhina ancylostoma
- Group
- Fish
- Last verified
- Verified
Sources: IUCN Red List, FishBase
Index record onlySource review pendingCalifornia Condor
Gymnogyps californianus
- Group
- Birds
- Population trend
- Increasing
- Last verified
- Verified
Recovered from a low of 22 birds in the 1980s through captive breeding and release; still dependent on active management.
Sources: IUCN Red List, U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service, Animal Diversity Web
Detailed FaunaHub profile →Partial reviewChinese Alligator
Alligator sinensis
- Group
- Reptiles & Amphibians
- Last verified
- Verified
Sources: IUCN Red List, Animal Diversity Web
Index record onlySource review pendingChinese Giant Salamander
Andrias davidianus
- Group
- Reptiles & Amphibians
- Last verified
- Verified
One of the largest living amphibians.
Sources: IUCN Red List, Animal Diversity Web
Index record onlySource review pendingChinese Pangolin
Manis pentadactyla
- Group
- Mammals
- Last verified
- Verified
Sources: IUCN Red List, Animal Diversity Web
Index record onlySource review pendingChinese Sturgeon
Acipenser sinensis
- Group
- Fish
- Last verified
- Verified
Sources: IUCN Red List, FishBase
Index record onlySource review pendingChristmas Frigatebird
Fregata andrewsi
- Group
- Birds
- Last verified
- Verified
Sources: IUCN Red List, BirdLife International
Index record onlySource review pendingCotton-top Tamarin
Saguinus oedipus
- Group
- Mammals
- Last verified
- Verified
Sources: IUCN Red List, Animal Diversity Web
Index record onlySource review pendingCuban Crocodile
Crocodylus rhombifer
- Group
- Reptiles & Amphibians
- Last verified
- Verified
Sources: IUCN Red List, Animal Diversity Web
Index record onlySource review pendingEastern Gorilla
Gorilla beringei
- Group
- Mammals
- Last verified
- Verified
Includes the mountain gorilla, whose closely monitored sub-population has shown localised recovery.
Sources: IUCN Red List, Animal Diversity Web
Index record onlySource review pendingEgyptian Tortoise
Testudo kleinmanni
- Group
- Reptiles & Amphibians
- Last verified
- Verified
Sources: IUCN Red List, reptile-database.reptarium.cz
Index record onlySource review pendingElkhorn Coral
Acropora palmata
- Group
- Invertebrates
- Last verified
- Verified
Sources: IUCN Red List, NOAA Fisheries
Index record onlySource review pendingEuropean Eel
Anguilla anguilla
- Group
- Fish
- Last verified
- Verified
Sources: IUCN Red List, Animal Diversity Web
Index record onlySource review pendingEuropean Hamster
Cricetus cricetus
- Group
- Mammals
- Last verified
- Verified
Up-listed to Critically Endangered in 2020 after steep declines across Europe.
Sources: IUCN Red List, Animal Diversity Web
Index record onlySource review pendingEuropean Mink
Mustela lutreola
- Group
- Mammals
- Last verified
- Verified
Sources: IUCN Red List, Animal Diversity Web
Index record onlySource review pendingFiji Crested Iguana
Brachylophus vitiensis
- Group
- Reptiles & Amphibians
- Last verified
- Verified
Sources: IUCN Red List, reptile-database.reptarium.cz
Index record onlySource review pendingFranklin's Bumble Bee
Bombus franklini
- Group
- Invertebrates
- Last verified
- Verified
Has not been seen since 2006 and may be extinct.
Sources: IUCN Red List, U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service
Index record onlySource review pendingGeometric Tortoise
Psammobates geometricus
- Group
- Reptiles & Amphibians
- Last verified
- Verified
Sources: IUCN Red List, Animal Diversity Web
Index record onlySource review pendingGharial
Gavialis gangeticus
- Group
- Reptiles & Amphibians
- Last verified
- Verified
Sources: IUCN Red List, Animal Diversity Web
Index record onlySource review pendingGiant Sea Bass
Stereolepis gigas
- Group
- Fish
- Last verified
- Verified
Sources: IUCN Red List, FishBase
Index record onlySource review pendingGolden Mantella
Mantella aurantiaca
- Group
- Reptiles & Amphibians
- Last verified
- Verified
Sources: IUCN Red List, AmphibiaWeb (UC Berkeley)
Index record onlySource review pendingGreat Green Macaw
Ara ambiguus
- Group
- Birds
- Last verified
- Verified
Sources: IUCN Red List, BirdLife International
Index record onlySource review pendingGreat Hammerhead
Sphyrna mokarran
- Group
- Fish
- Last verified
- Verified
Sources: IUCN Red List, Animal Diversity Web
Index record onlySource review pendingGreat Indian Bustard
Ardeotis nigriceps
- Group
- Birds
- Last verified
- Verified
Sources: IUCN Red List, BirdLife International
Index record onlySource review pendingGreen Sawfish
Pristis zijsron
- Group
- Fish
- Last verified
- Verified
Sources: IUCN Red List, FishBase
Index record onlySource review pendingHawksbill Turtle
Eretmochelys imbricata
- Group
- Reptiles & Amphibians
- Population trend
- Decreasing
- Last verified
- Verified
Sources: IUCN Red List, NOAA Fisheries, Animal Diversity Web
Detailed FaunaHub profile →Partial reviewHelmeted Hornbill
Rhinoplax vigil
- Group
- Birds
- Last verified
- Verified
Sources: IUCN Red List, BirdLife International
Index record onlySource review pendingHooded Grebe
Podiceps gallardoi
- Group
- Birds
- Last verified
- Verified
Sources: IUCN Red List, BirdLife International
Index record onlySource review pendingHooded Vulture
Necrosyrtes monachus
- Group
- Birds
- Last verified
- Verified
Sources: IUCN Red List, BirdLife International
Index record onlySource review pendingIndian Vulture
Gyps indicus
- Group
- Birds
- Last verified
- Verified
Sources: IUCN Red List, BirdLife International
Index record onlySource review pendingIndri
Indri indri
- Group
- Mammals
- Last verified
- Verified
Sources: IUCN Red List, Animal Diversity Web
Index record onlySource review pendingJamaican Iguana
Cyclura collei
- Group
- Reptiles & Amphibians
- Last verified
- Verified
Once thought extinct; rediscovered in 1990.
Sources: IUCN Red List, reptile-database.reptarium.cz
Index record onlySource review pendingJavan Rhinoceros
Rhinoceros sondaicus
- Group
- Mammals
- Last verified
- Verified
Sources: IUCN Red List, Animal Diversity Web
Index record onlySource review pendingKākāpō
Strigops habroptilus
- Group
- Birds
- Population trend
- Increasing
- Last verified
- Verified
A flightless nocturnal parrot from New Zealand managed on predator-free islands.
Sources: IUCN Red List, Animal Diversity Web
Detailed FaunaHub profile →Partial reviewKemp's Ridley Turtle
Lepidochelys kempii
- Group
- Reptiles & Amphibians
- Last verified
- Verified
Sources: IUCN Red List, NOAA Fisheries, Animal Diversity Web
Index record onlySource review pendingLargetooth Sawfish
Pristis pristis
- Group
- Fish
- Last verified
- Verified
Sources: IUCN Red List, NOAA Fisheries
Index record onlySource review pendingLeadbeater's Possum
Gymnobelideus leadbeateri
- Group
- Mammals
- Last verified
- Verified
Sources: IUCN Red List, Animal Diversity Web
Index record onlySource review pendingLehmann's Poison Frog
Oophaga lehmanni
- Group
- Reptiles & Amphibians
- Last verified
- Verified
Sources: IUCN Red List, AmphibiaWeb (UC Berkeley)
Index record onlySource review pendingLemur Leaf Frog
Agalychnis lemur
- Group
- Reptiles & Amphibians
- Last verified
- Verified
Sources: IUCN Red List, AmphibiaWeb (UC Berkeley)
Index record onlySource review pendingLord Howe Island Stick Insect
Dryococelus australis
- Group
- Invertebrates
- Last verified
- Verified
Rediscovered on Ball's Pyramid after being thought extinct; subject of a captive-breeding programme.
Sources: IUCN Red List, Zoos Victoria
Index record onlySource review pendingMadagascar Fish Eagle
Haliaeetus vociferoides
- Group
- Birds
- Last verified
- Verified
Sources: IUCN Red List, BirdLife International
Index record onlySource review pendingMekong Giant Catfish
Pangasianodon gigas
- Group
- Fish
- Last verified
- Verified
Sources: IUCN Red List, FishBase
Index record onlySource review pendingMountain Chicken Frog
Leptodactylus fallax
- Group
- Reptiles & Amphibians
- Last verified
- Verified
Sources: IUCN Red List, AmphibiaWeb (UC Berkeley)
Index record onlySource review pendingNassau Grouper
Epinephelus striatus
- Group
- Fish
- Last verified
- Verified
Sources: IUCN Red List, NOAA Fisheries, FishBase
Index record onlySource review pendingNorth Atlantic Right Whale
Eubalaena glacialis
- Group
- Mammals
- Last verified
- Verified
Sources: IUCN Red List, NOAA Fisheries, Animal Diversity Web
Index record onlySource review pendingNorthern Hairy-nosed Wombat
Lasiorhinus krefftii
- Group
- Mammals
- Last verified
- Verified
Sources: IUCN Red List, Animal Diversity Web
Index record onlySource review pendingNorthern Muriqui
Brachyteles hypoxanthus
- Group
- Mammals
- Last verified
- Verified
Sources: IUCN Red List, Animal Diversity Web
Index record onlySource review pendingOceanic Whitetip Shark
Carcharhinus longimanus
- Group
- Fish
- Last verified
- Verified
Sources: IUCN Red List, NOAA Fisheries, Animal Diversity Web
Index record onlySource review pendingOrange-bellied Parrot
Neophema chrysogaster
- Group
- Birds
- Last verified
- Verified
Sources: IUCN Red List, BirdLife International
Index record onlySource review pendingOrinoco Crocodile
Crocodylus intermedius
- Group
- Reptiles & Amphibians
- Last verified
- Verified
Sources: IUCN Red List, reptile-database.reptarium.cz
Index record onlySource review pendingPanamanian Golden Frog
Atelopus zeteki
- Group
- Reptiles & Amphibians
- Last verified
- Verified
Amphibian declines have been widely linked to the chytrid fungus alongside habitat loss.
Sources: IUCN Red List, AmphibiaWeb (UC Berkeley)
Index record onlySource review pendingPhilippine Crocodile
Crocodylus mindorensis
- Group
- Reptiles & Amphibians
- Last verified
- Verified
Sources: IUCN Red List, Animal Diversity Web
Index record onlySource review pendingPhilippine Eagle
Pithecophaga jefferyi
- Group
- Birds
- Last verified
- Verified
Sources: IUCN Red List, Animal Diversity Web
Index record onlySource review pendingPloughshare Tortoise
Astrochelys yniphora
- Group
- Reptiles & Amphibians
- Last verified
- Verified
Sources: IUCN Red List, Animal Diversity Web
Index record onlySource review pendingRadiated Tortoise
Astrochelys radiata
- Group
- Reptiles & Amphibians
- Last verified
- Verified
Sources: IUCN Red List, Animal Diversity Web
Index record onlySource review pendingRed Wolf
Canis rufus
- Group
- Mammals
- Last verified
- Verified
Sources: IUCN Red List, U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service, Animal Diversity Web
Index record onlySource review pendingRegent Honeyeater
Anthochaera phrygia
- Group
- Birds
- Last verified
- Verified
Sources: IUCN Red List, BirdLife International
Index record onlySource review pendingRussian Sturgeon
Acipenser gueldenstaedtii
- Group
- Fish
- Last verified
- Verified
Sources: IUCN Red List, FishBase
Index record onlySource review pendingRusty Patched Bumble Bee
Bombus affinis
- Group
- Invertebrates
- Last verified
- Verified
Sources: IUCN Red List, U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service
Index record onlySource review pendingSand Tiger Shark
Carcharias taurus
- Group
- Fish
- Last verified
- Verified
Sources: IUCN Red List, FishBase
Index record onlySource review pendingSaola
Pseudoryx nghetinhensis
- Group
- Mammals
- Last verified
- Verified
One of the rarest large mammals; rarely seen since its 1992 description.
Sources: IUCN Red List, Animal Diversity Web
Index record onlySource review pendingScalloped Hammerhead
Sphyrna lewini
- Group
- Fish
- Last verified
- Verified
Sources: IUCN Red List, NOAA Fisheries, Animal Diversity Web
Index record onlySource review pendingSiamese Crocodile
Crocodylus siamensis
- Group
- Reptiles & Amphibians
- Last verified
- Verified
Sources: IUCN Red List, reptile-database.reptarium.cz
Index record onlySource review pendingSiberian Crane
Leucogeranus leucogeranus
- Group
- Birds
- Last verified
- Verified
Sources: IUCN Red List, Animal Diversity Web
Index record onlySource review pendingSmalltooth Sawfish
Pristis pectinata
- Group
- Fish
- Last verified
- Verified
Sources: IUCN Red List, NOAA Fisheries, Animal Diversity Web
Index record onlySource review pendingSouthern Corroboree Frog
Pseudophryne corroboree
- Group
- Reptiles & Amphibians
- Last verified
- Verified
Sources: IUCN Red List, AmphibiaWeb (UC Berkeley)
Index record onlySource review pendingSpix's Macaw
Cyanopsitta spixii
- Group
- Birds
- Last verified
- Verified
Considered Critically Endangered (long regarded as extinct in the wild); subject of an ongoing reintroduction effort in Brazil.
Sources: IUCN Red List, Animal Diversity Web
Index record onlySource review pendingSpoon-billed Sandpiper
Calidris pygmaea
- Group
- Birds
- Last verified
- Verified
Sources: IUCN Red List, BirdLife International
Index record onlySource review pendingStaghorn Coral
Acropora cervicornis
- Group
- Invertebrates
- Population trend
- Decreasing
- Last verified
- Verified
Sources: IUCN Red List, NOAA Fisheries
Detailed FaunaHub profile →Partial reviewSumatran Orangutan
Pongo abelii
- Group
- Mammals
- Population trend
- Decreasing
- Last verified
- Verified
Sources: IUCN Red List, Animal Diversity Web, Smithsonian's National Zoo
Detailed FaunaHub profile →Partial reviewSumatran Rhinoceros
Dicerorhinus sumatrensis
- Group
- Mammals
- Last verified
- Verified
Sources: IUCN Red List, Animal Diversity Web
Index record onlySource review pendingSunda Pangolin
Manis javanica
- Group
- Mammals
- Last verified
- Verified
Pangolins are widely reported among the most trafficked wild mammals.
Sources: IUCN Red List, Animal Diversity Web
Index record onlySource review pendingSwift Parrot
Lathamus discolor
- Group
- Birds
- Last verified
- Verified
Sources: IUCN Red List, BirdLife International
Index record onlySource review pendingTable Mountain Ghost Frog
Heleophryne rosei
- Group
- Reptiles & Amphibians
- Last verified
- Verified
Sources: IUCN Red List, AmphibiaWeb (UC Berkeley)
Index record onlySource review pendingTapanuli Orangutan
Pongo tapanuliensis
- Group
- Mammals
- Last verified
- Verified
Described in 2017; one of the most range-restricted great apes, in the Batang Toru ecosystem of Sumatra.
Sources: IUCN Red List, Smithsonian's National Zoo
Index record onlySource review pendingVaquita
Phocoena sinus
- Group
- Mammals
- Last verified
- Verified
A porpoise endemic to the northern Gulf of California; widely reported as one of the world's most threatened marine mammals.
Sources: IUCN Red List, Animal Diversity Web, NOAA Fisheries
Index record onlySource review pendingWest Indian Ocean Coelacanth
Latimeria chalumnae
- Group
- Fish
- Last verified
- Verified
A deep-water 'living fossil' lineage once thought extinct until rediscovery in 1938.
Sources: IUCN Red List, Animal Diversity Web
Index record onlySource review pendingWestern Gorilla
Gorilla gorilla
- Group
- Mammals
- Last verified
- Verified
Sources: IUCN Red List, Animal Diversity Web, Smithsonian's National Zoo
See FaunaHub animal profile →Source review pendingWhite Abalone
Haliotis sorenseni
- Group
- Invertebrates
- Last verified
- Verified
Sources: IUCN Red List, NOAA Fisheries
Index record onlySource review pendingWhite-backed Vulture
Gyps africanus
- Group
- Birds
- Last verified
- Verified
Sources: IUCN Red List, BirdLife International
Index record onlySource review pendingWhite-rumped Vulture
Gyps bengalensis
- Group
- Birds
- Last verified
- Verified
South Asian vulture declines have been widely linked to the veterinary drug diclofenac.
Sources: IUCN Red List, Animal Diversity Web
Index record onlySource review pendingWild Bactrian Camel
Camelus ferus
- Group
- Mammals
- Last verified
- Verified
The wild Bactrian camel (Camelus ferus) is the threatened wild form; the linked reference covers Bactrian camels broadly.
Sources: IUCN Red List, Animal Diversity Web
Index record onlySource review pendingYellow-crested Cockatoo
Cacatua sulphurea
- Group
- Birds
- Last verified
- Verified
Sources: IUCN Red List, BirdLife International
Index record onlySource review pending
Frequently Asked Questions
What does Critically Endangered mean?
Can a Critically Endangered species recover?
Is this every Critically Endangered animal?
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